The Stages of Keratoconus: What to Expect

What Is Keratoconus?

Keratoconus typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood, gradually worsening over time. While its exact cause remains unclear, factors such as genetics, frequent eye rubbing, and certain medical conditions may increase the risk of developing this condition. Early detection and treatment are key to slowing its progression and improving quality of life.

Keratoconus progresses through distinct stages, each with unique challenges and treatment needs.

Early Stage

In the early stage of keratoconus, symptoms are often mild and may go unnoticed for some time. Patients might experience slight blurriness, mild distortion in vision, or difficulty focusing on fine details. These changes are subtle and can often be mistaken for common refractive errors like astigmatism or nearsightedness. Detection at this stage is usually possible through routine eye exams, particularly with the use of advanced tools like corneal topography.

Moderate Stage

As keratoconus progresses to the moderate stage, the symptoms become more apparent and can interfere with daily activities. Vision distortion worsens, making it increasingly difficult to read, drive, or work on tasks that require clear sight. Sensitivity to light, known as photophobia, becomes more noticeable, and patients may find themselves frequently needing updated prescriptions to compensate for rapidly changing vision. During an eye exam, the cornea’s thinning and irregular shape become more pronounced, making the condition easier to diagnose.

Advanced Stage

In the advanced stage of keratoconus, vision impairment becomes severe, significantly affecting the ability to perform everyday tasks. Patients may struggle to see at night, and the strain caused by poor vision often leads to headaches or eye discomfort. The cornea's irregular shape is highly pronounced, and scarring may develop, further reducing visual clarity. Corneal scarring not only affects how light enters the eye but can also cause additional discomfort and sensitivity.

Severe Stage

In the severe stage of keratoconus, the condition reaches its most debilitating form. Vision distortion becomes extreme, and persistent discomfort or irritation is common. Corneal scarring may be extensive, and the quality of life is often significantly impacted due to the inability to perform basic visual tasks.

How Scleral Lenses Can Help

Scleral lenses are a transformative solution for individuals with keratoconus. Unlike traditional contact lenses, scleral lenses are larger in diameter and vault over the cornea, resting on the sclera. Here’s how they help:

Improved Visual Clarity: Scleral lenses create a smooth optical surface, correcting the irregularities caused by keratoconus and providing sharper vision.

Enhanced Comfort: The lenses do not touch the cornea directly, reducing discomfort and irritation commonly associated with other lenses.

Hydration and Protection: Scleral lenses maintain a reservoir of fluid between the lens and the cornea, keeping the eye hydrated and reducing dryness or irritation.

Customized Fit: These lenses are custom-designed to fit the unique shape of each patient’s eyes, ensuring optimal vision and comfort.

Take the First Step Toward Clearer Vision at Evolutionary Eye Care Today

At Evolutionary Eye Care, we specialize in diagnosing and managing keratoconus at every stage. We are equipped with the latest technology to monitor disease progression and provide tailored treatment options, including scleral lens fittings. We are committed to helping you achieve the best possible vision and comfort.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of keratoconus, contact Evolutionary Eye Care to learn more on how scleral lenses can help you regain control of your vision. Visit our office in Sugar Land, Texas, or call (346) 486-4200 to book an appointment today.